Future Business Leaders of America (FBLA) Business Management Practice Test

What is the nature of hygiene factors in employee motivation?

1. They are primarily positive.

2. They are primarily negative.

3. They are neutral.

4. They fluctuate based on environment.

The correct answer is: They are primarily negative.

Hygiene factors, as identified in Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory of motivation, primarily relate to the aspects of a job that can lead to dissatisfaction when they are inadequate or poorly managed. These factors include elements such as company policies, supervision quality, salary, and working conditions. When these hygiene factors are not met, they create a negative experience for employees, which can diminish their overall job satisfaction and motivation. The underlying principle is that addressing hygiene factors doesn't necessarily motivate employees, but failing to do so can lead to dissatisfaction. This is why they are categorized as primarily negative; their absence can lead to a decrease in morale and an increase in turnover, whereas their presence does not necessarily enhance motivation but merely prevents dissatisfaction. In contrast to the other options, which imply a more positive, neutral, or variable nature of hygiene factors, understanding them as primarily negative helps to underscore the importance of addressing these foundational aspects to maintain a motivated and satisfied workforce.